Convert Pandas DataFrame to NumPy Array in Python

In this article we will discuss how to convert Pandas DataFrame to NumPy array in Python.

Table of Contents

Introduction

Create a sample Pandas DataFrame
Convert Pandas DataFrame to NumPy array
Conclusion

Introduction

We are used to working with DataFrames in Python for a lot of functionality provided by the pandas library. It is very efficient for any of the data manipulation tasks we do when preparing the features for machine learning models. However, sometimes we want to extend the functionality and make use of some NumPy mathematical functions. In this case, we can’t work with Pandas DataFrames and need to convert them to NumPy arrays.

In this tutorial we will explore how we can easily convert our data to an array for the user to work with more mathematical functions. The pandas library has a very useful method which we will discuss. It makes the conversion a very simple one line code, but allows us to perform more extensive work on the data analysis.

To continue following this tutorial we will need the following Python library: pandas.

If you don’t have it installed, please open “Command Prompt” (on Windows) and install it using the following code:


pip install pandas

Create a sample Pandas DataFrame

As the first step we will create a sample Pandas DataFrame that we will later convert to a NumPy array.


import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame(
    {
        "Education" : [5, 5, 7],
        "Experience" : [1, 3, 8],
        "Salary" : [ 40000, 50000, 80000]
    }
)

This DataFrame will have 3 observations with three columns: Education, Experience, and Salary.

Let’s take a look at the data:


print(df)

And we should get:

   Education  Experience  Salary
0          5           1   40000
1          5           3   50000
2          7           8   80000